CNC G-Code & M-Code Reference Manual

In Fanuc, non-linear dog-leg traverse may occur between axes unless linear rapid interpolation parameter is active.

Haas defaults to rapid traverse with setting 101 modifying linear vs non-linear behavior.

In Siemens, rapid positioning can also be programmed with POS or POSA.

F value remains active for subsequent modal motion blocks.

Supports exact stop check (G09) and corner rounding.

In Siemens SINUMERIK, F is programmed as feed per minute (G94) or revolution (G95).

Full 360-degree circles must use I, J, K vector offsets; R cannot specify full 360 degrees.

Positive R indicates an arc angle <= 180 degrees; negative R indicates an angle > 180 degrees.

Supports helical interpolation when a Z depth axis coordinate is combined with XY circular motion.

Arc center vector I/J/K is incremental from starting point regardless of G90/G91 absolute/incremental mode.

Haas Setting 85 controls max arc error tolerance.

Siemens supports AP (polar angle) and RP (polar radius) programming formats.

Fanuc interprets P1000 as 1.0 second or 1,000 milliseconds depending on system parameters.

Haas accepts X1.0 or P1000 for a 1-second pause.

Siemens uses G04 F[sec] or G04 S[revs].

Default plane for 99% of vertical milling centers.

Haas boots into G17 as active modal plane.

In Siemens, tool length compensation acts along Z in G17.

Standard default plane on 2-axis lathes.

Haas lathes boot into G18 automatically.

Allows tool nose radius compensation G41/G42 in ZX space.

Used in 4-axis and 5-axis multiaxis machining for side-face interpolation.

Fully supported across Haas NextGen controls.

In Siemens, tool length acts along X axis in G19.

Scale changes input coordinates; machine mechanical pitches remain metric internally.

Haas Setting 9 controls inch/metric display.

Equivalent to G70 in Siemens SINUMERIK.

Standard international programming mode for modern manufacturing.

Global standard across European and Asian tooling.

Equivalent to G71 in Siemens SINUMERIK.

Crucial: always execute in G91 incremental mode to prevent crashing into intermediate points.

Haas G28 home position can be tested safely using Singe Block.

In modern Siemens, SUPA or G75 is preferred over legacy G28.

Must be executed on a non-cutting departure move at least equal to cutter radius.

Haas requires a linear feed move to safely disengage cutter comp.

In Siemens, G40 cancel move also removes 3D tool vectors.

The cornerstone of modern climb milling and tight bore/contour sizing.

Haas lookahead buffer analyzes 2 to 5 blocks to prevent gouging.

In Siemens, tool radius is automatically derived from active tool master geometry register.

Widely used in CNC turning for tool nose radius compensation along OD profiles.

Requires quadrant orientation code T1-T9 in lathe offset table.

In Siemens, derives tool direction automatically from lathe tool tip orientation.

Always pair with H code matching the tool number (e.g. T1 with H1).

Haas Setting 15 ensures H code matches active Tool number to prevent crashes.

Siemens handles length compensation implicitly upon T[name] D1 execution.

Non-modal; applies only to the block in which it is commanded.

Safest method on Haas to retract tool before table indexing or pallet rotation.

In Siemens, SUPA command performs identical function.

Modal; remains active until G55-G59 or extended work offsets (G54.1 P1-P48) are called.

Standard default work offset in all CAM post-processors.

Siemens equivalent is G54 (trans or frame setting).

Reads the contour geometry defined between N100 and N200 and applies fine finish feed rate.

Supported natively on Haas ST-series turning centers.

In Siemens, Cycle95 performs multi-pass roughing and finishing.

Standard 2-line Fanuc format; cuts cycle programming from hundreds of lines to two.

Haas supports both Type I (monotonic) and Type II (pocketing/recess) profiles.

Siemens uses Cycle95 with contour call.

P-word in first block controls spring passes, chamfer angle, and thread flank infeed (60 deg for metric/UN).

Haas Setting 95/96 controls thread chamfer angle and lead-in.

Siemens uses Cycle97 for single and multi-start threads.

Crucial before transitioning back to milling or pocketing moves.

Always included immediately following canned cycle point lists.

Required across Fanuc, Haas, and Siemens platforms.

Ideal for shallow holes (< 3x drill diameter), spot drilling, and countersinking.

Point coordinates on subsequent lines will repeat the cycle automatically.

Siemens uses Cycle81 (centering/drilling).

Essential for deep hole drilling (> 4x diameter) to prevent chip compaction and drill breakage.

Haas supports Setting 52 for variable depth reduction on successive pecks.

Siemens uses Cycle83 with degression factor.

Spindle must reach exact bottom, stop in 0.05s, reverse, and back out along exact pitch.

Haas Rigid Tapping supports tapping speeds up to 2,000 RPM.

Siemens uses Cycle84 or Cycle840 for synchronized tapping.

Standard programming mode for 99% of CNC production programs.

Default power-on modal condition on Haas and Fanuc mills.

In Siemens, G90 or AC (absolute coordinate) can be used on individual words.

Essential for subroutine steps, bolt circles, and safe G28 machine zero returns.

Must switch back to G90 immediately after incremental block to avoid positioning runaways.

In Siemens, IC (incremental coordinate) can be appended to any axis value without switching whole block.

Used before manual tool checks, chip clearing, or part flipping.

All axes hold position with drives active.

Standard ISO universal stop function.

Standard practice to insert M01 between every tool change for safe shop floor prove-out.

Operator can ignore M01 during unattended batch runs by turning Optional Stop off.

Universal across Fanuc, Haas, Siemens, Mazak, and Okuma.

Standard direction for right-hand milling cutters, carbide inserts, and standard drills.

Spindle reaches target speed before next axis motion begins.

Universal standard across all machine tools.

Used with left-hand taps and certain cut-off grooving blades on lathes.

Always check tool insert rotation direction before commanding M04.

Universal standard across all machine tools.

Executed before tool changes, manual part measurement, or program termination.

Brake brings spindle to complete standstill within milliseconds.

Universal across all CNC platforms.

In Fanuc, tool is staged with T02 and changed with M06.

Haas executes tool change in 1.8 to 2.8 seconds depending on side-mount magazine.

In Siemens, tool change is configured either on M06 or directly upon T execution.

Turns on primary flood nozzles around spindle nose.

Can be combined with G01 feed moves or called on a dedicated block.

Haas Setting 32 controls coolant override.

Executed before tool change and at program conclusion to keep machine enclosure clean.

Stops pumps instantly and depressurizes lines.

Universal across all CNC builders.

Essential for boring bar retract (G76/G86) and automatic tool changer alignment.

Haas allows precise angular orientation with P or R parameter (e.g. M19 P45.0).

In Siemens, SPOS[angle] commands exact spindle positioning.

Signals cycle complete to operator beacon light and updates parts-counter in control memory.

Emits MTConnect Execution:READY or STOPPED event to factory telemetry dashboards.

Universal international standard ending for CNC G-code programs.

Reduces program size dramatically for repeated bolt patterns, multi-part fixtures, or multi-pass contours.

Subprogram must terminate with M99 to return control to main program.

In Siemens, subroutines are called directly by subroutine file name (e.g. SUB_POCKET).

If executed in a main program without M98 call, M99 loops the main program continuously for bar feeder runs.

Standard return command in Fanuc, Haas, and Mazatrol EIA.

Siemens equivalent is RET.